The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark is a tragedy by William
Shakespeare. Set in the Kingdom of Denmark , the play dramatizes the
revenge Prince Hamlet exacts on his uncle Claudius for murdering King
Hamlet , Claudius's brother and Prince Hamlet's father, and then succeeding
to the throne and taking as his wife Gertrude, the old king's widow and Prince
Hamlet's mother. The play vividly portrays both true and feigned madness –
from overwhelming grief to seething rage – and explores themes of treachery,
revenge, incest, and moral corruption.
Hamlet is Shakespeare's longest play and among the most powerful and
influential tragedies in English literature, with a story capable of "seemingly
endless retelling and adaptation by others." [1] The play was one of
Shakespeare's most popular works during his lifetime [2] and still ranks
among his most-performed, topping the Royal Shakespeare Company 's
performance list since 1879. [3] It has inspired writers from Goethe and
Dickens to Joyce and Murdoch, and has been described as "the world's
most filmed story after Cinderella". [4]
Shakespeare based Hamlet on the legend of Amleth, preserved by 13th-
century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum as subsequently
retold by 16th-century scholar François de Belleforest . He may also have
drawn on or perhaps written an earlier (hypothetical) Elizabethan play known
today as the Ur-Hamlet . He almost certainly created the title role for Richard
Burbage, the leading tragedian of Shakespeare's time.[5] In the 400 years
since, the role has been performed by highly acclaimed actors and actresses
from each successive age.
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